Product Description

Water ring pumps were originally used as self-priming pumps. It is composed of impeller, pump body, suction and exhaust disk, water ring formed in the pump body wall, suction port, exhaust port, auxiliary exhaust valve and so on.
Water ring pump system
Water ring pump system (4 sheets)
In many processes of industrial production, such as vacuum filtration, vacuum water diversion, vacuum feeding, vacuum evaporation, vacuum concentration, vacuum regathering and vacuum degassing, water ring pump has been widely used. Because of the rapid development of vacuum application technology, water ring pump has been paid more attention to the crude vacuum acquisition. Because the gas compression in the water ring pump is isothermal, it can remove flammable and explosive gases, in addition to the removal of dust, water containing gas, therefore, the application of water ring pump is increasing.
The pump body is equipped with an appropriate amount of water as the working liquid. When the impeller rotates clockwise, the water is thrown around by the impeller. Due to the centrifugal force, the water forms a closed ring of approximately equal thickness, which is determined by the shape of the pump cavity. The lower inner surface of the water ring is just tangent to the impeller hub, and the upper inner surface of the water ring is just in contact with the top of the blade (in fact, the blade has a certain insertion depth in the water ring). At this point, a crescent-shaped space is formed between the impeller hub and the water ring, and this space is divided into several small cavities equal to the number of blades by the impeller. If the lower part of the impeller 0° as the starting point, then the impeller in the rotation of 180° before the volume of the small cavity from small to large, and connected with the suction port on the end face, at this time the gas is inhaled, when the end of the suction small cavity is isolated from the suction port; When the impeller continues to rotate, the small cavity from large to small, so that the gas is compressed; When the small cavity is connected with the exhaust port, the gas will be discharged from the pump.
To sum up, the water ring pump relies on the change of the pump chamber volume to achieve suction, compression and exhaust, so it belongs to the variable-volume vacuum pump.
The impeller is installed in the pump body eccentrically. When the impeller rotates, the water entering the pump body is thrown around by the impeller. Due to the centrifugal force, the water forms a closed water ring of equal thickness similar to the shape of the pump cavity. The upper inner surface of the water ring is just tangent to the wheel hub of the impeller, and the lower inner surface of the water ring is just in contact with the top of the blade. At this point, a crescent-shaped space is formed between the impeller hub and the water ring, and this space is divided into several small cavities equal to the number of blades by the impeller. If the upper part of the impeller 0 ° as starting point, and then in front of the rotating impeller, 180 °, the small cavity volume gradually changed from small to big, the pressure reduced constantly, and the mines with suction mouth of the suction or discharge tray, when the pressure inside the small cavity space is less than the pressure of the pump container, according to the principle of balance of gas pressure, the gas is pumped continues to be draw in small cavity, is in the process of suction. When the suction is completed with the suction port isolation,  the volume of the small chamber is gradually decreasing, the pressure is increasing, at this time is in the compression process, when the compressed gas reached the exhaust pressure in advance, from the auxiliary exhaust valve in advance. From the section, interlinked with vent small cavity volume further decrease the pressure rise further, when the gas pressure is greater than the exhaust pressure, the compressed air to escape from the vent is in the process of the continuous operation of the pump, continuously carrying on the suction, compression, exhaust process, so as to achieve the purpose of continuous extraction.

advantages
Simple structure, low manufacturing accuracy requirements, easy to process.
Compact structure, high pump revolution, generally can be directly connected with the motor, no reduction device. Therefore, with small structure size, large displacement can be obtained, and the floor area is also small.
Compressed gas is basically isothermal, that is, the temperature of compressed gas changes very little.
Because there is no metal friction surface in the pump cavity, there is no need to lubricate the pump, and the wear is very small. Sealing between rotating parts and fixed parts can be completed directly by water sealing.
Even suction, stable and reliable work, simple operation, convenient maintenance.

Common faults and troubleshooting methods
First, vacuum pump degree is not enough
Possible causes: Insufficient motor power supply leads to insufficient speed. Insufficient water supply; The gap between the impeller and the distribution plate is too large; Mechanical seal damage resulting in water leakage; Impeller wear too much; Circulating water can’t be drained.
Elimination method: check whether the power supply voltage is within the rated voltage range of the motor; Increase water supply (must be controlled in the correct range, otherwise it will lead to motor overload heating); Adjust the clearance between impeller and distribution plate (generally 0.15-0.20mm); Replace the mechanical seal; Replace the impeller; Check the water outlet piping.
Two, can not start or start the noise
Possible causes: The power supply voltage of the motor is insufficient. Motor phase failure operation; The pump is not used for a long time, resulting in corrosion; Pump suction debris; Impeller drag distribution plate.
Troubleshooting method: Check whether the power supply voltage is too low; Check whether the motor wiring is firm; If the pump does not lead to corrosion for a long time, you can add a rust remover or open the pump cover to artificially remove rust; Open the pump cover to remove debris; Adjust the distance between impeller and distribution plate.
Three, motor overheating
Possible causes: excessive water supply leads to motor overload; Motor phase loss; The vent is blocked; The impeller drags other parts.
Elimination method: reduce the water supply to the normal range (refer to the pump’s operating instructions for liquid supply); Check whether the wiring is firm; Check the exhaust port; Open the pump cover to adjust the clearance between impeller and other parts.
Four, insufficient flow
Possible causes: Pipe leakage; Resistance loss increases;
Elimination method: check the mechanical seal at the joint; Check pipes and check valves for faults.
Regular maintenance
(1) In normal work, attention should be paid to check the working and lubrication of bearings. The temperature (bearing and outer circle) is generally 15ºC ~ 20ºC higher than the ambient temperature, and the highest temperature is not allowed to exceed 30ºC ~ 35ºC, that is, the actual temperature at the outer circle of the bearing frame should not exceed 55ºC ~ 60ºC; The normal working bearings should be refuelled 3 ~ 4 times a year, the bearings should be cleaned at least once a year, and all the lubricating oil should be replaced.
(2) In normal work, the packing should be pressed regularly. If the packing cannot guarantee the required sealing performance due to wear, the new packing should be replaced. If the mechanical seal is used and leakage is found, check whether the static and static ring of the mechanical seal is damaged or the auxiliary seal is aging. In such cases, new parts should be replaced.
(3) In the appearance of special sound, can remove the pressure plate on the 2 ends of the cover, check whether the 2 end faces of the impeller and the distributor are damaged, but also check whether the exhaust valve plate is normal.
Selection criteria
1, water ring pump vacuum requirements unit 2, water ring pump pumping speed requirements 3, water ring pump operating conditions 4, water ring pump motor power 5, water ring pump voltage requirements 6, water ring pump material requirements.
Matters needing attention
Remove the
Before disassembly, the water in the pump cavity should be released, and the gas-water separator and suction tube parts should be removed. In the process of disassembly, all the gaskets should be carefully removed. If there is damage, the same gasket should be replaced. The pump shall be removed from the rear end (without coupling or pulley end) in the following order:
(1) Remove the rear shaft bearing cap, loosen the 2 round nuts with hook hand, remove the bearing seat and bearing;
(2) Loosen the packing gland nut and remove the packing gland;
(3) remove the hexagonal bolt connecting the pump cover and the pump body and the bolt at the bottom foot of the pump cover, remove the back end cover;
(4) remove the pump body;
(5) Loosen the foot bolt at the other end;
(6) remove the coupling and remove the key on the shaft;
(7) Remove the bearing parts before;
(8) Remove the front end cover and remove the shaft and impeller together.
After disassembly, the parts should be coated with oil on the mating surface, thread should also be coated with oil to protect.

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Basic knowledge of vacuum pump

A vacuum pump is used to create a relative vacuum within a sealed volume. These pumps take gas molecules out of the sealed volume and expel them, leaving a partial vacuum. They can be used in a variety of applications, including medicine and laboratory research. This article will cover the basics of vacuum pumps, including how they operate and the materials they use. You will also learn about typical applications and fees.

How it works

A vacuum pump is a pump that removes air from a specific space. These pumps are divided into three types according to their function. Positive displacement pumps are used in the low vacuum range and high vacuum pumps are used in the ultra-high vacuum range. The performance of a vacuum pump depends on the quality of the vacuum it produces.
A vacuum pump creates a partial vacuum above the surrounding atmospheric pressure. The speed of the pump is proportional to the pressure difference between the ambient atmosphere and the base pressure of the pump. Choose a base pressure for a specific process, not the lowest possible pressure in the system.
A scroll pump is also a type of vacuum pump. This type of pump consists of two scrolls, the inner scroll running around the gas volume. It then compresses the gas in a spiral fashion until it reaches the maximum pressure at its center. The inner and outer scrolls are separated by a polymer tip seal that provides an axial seal between them. Its pumping speed ranges from 5.0 to 46 m3/h.
Another type of vacuum pump is the screw pump, which uses two rotating screws in one chamber. The screw in the screw pump is a left-handed screw, and the other is a right-handed screw. The two screws do not touch each other when engaged, preventing contamination of the medium. They also feature high pumping speeds, low operating costs and low maintenance requirements.
The vacuum pump consists of several parts such as rotor and base. These components create an area of ​​low pressure. Gas and water molecules rush into this low pressure area, where they are sucked into the pump. The pump also rotates, preventing fluid leakage to the low pressure side.
The main function of a vacuum pump is to remove gas particles from an enclosed space. It does this by changing gas molecules between high and low pressure states. A vacuum pump can also generate a partial vacuum. There are several types of vacuum pumps, each designed to perform a specific function, so it is important to choose the right type for your application.

Vacuum Pump Materials

There are two main materials used in vacuum pumps: metal and polyethylene. Metal is more durable, while polyethylene is cheaper and more flexible. However, these materials are not suitable for high pressure and may cause damage. Therefore, if you want to design a high-pressure pump, it is best to use metal materials.
Vacuum pumps are required in a variety of industrial environments and manufacturing processes. The most common vacuum pump is a positive displacement vacuum pump, which transports a gas load from the inlet to the outlet. The main disadvantage of this pump is that it can only generate a partial vacuum; higher vacuums must be achieved through other techniques.
Materials used in vacuum pumps vary from high to rough vacuum pumps. Low pressure ranges are typically below 1 x 10-3 mbar, but high vacuum pumps are used for extreme vacuum. They also differ in manufacturing tolerances, seals used, materials used and operating conditions.
The choice of vacuum pump material depends on the process. The vacuum range and ultimate pressure of the system must be carefully analyzed to find the right material for the job. Depending on the purpose of the pump, a variety of materials can be used, from ceramic to plastic substrates. When choosing a vacuum pump material, be sure to consider its durability and corrosion resistance.
Dry and wet vacuum pumps use oil to lubricate internal parts. This prevents wear of the pump due to corrosion. These types of pumps are also recommended for continuous use and are ideal for applications where the gas is acidic or corrosive. Therefore, they are widely used in the chemical and food industries. They are also used in rotary evaporation and volatile compound processing.
Positive displacement pumps are the most common type. They work by letting gas flow into a cavity and venting it into the atmosphere. Additionally, momentum transfer pumps, also known as molecular pumps, use high-velocity jets of high-density fluids to transport air and gases. These pumps are also used for medical purposes.

Typical application

Vacuum pumps are used to remove large amounts of air and water from the process. They are used in various industries to improve performance. For example, liquid ring vacuum pumps are used in packaging production to produce plastic sheets in the desired shape and size. Large-capacity suction pumps are used in the chemical industry to improve the surface properties of materials and speed up filtration.
There are two basic principles of vacuum pumps: entrapment and gas transfer. Positive displacement pumps are suitable for low to medium vacuums, while momentum transfer and retention pumps are suitable for high vacuums. Typically, high vacuum systems use two or more pumps working in series.
There are three main categories of vacuum pumps: primary, booster, and secondary. Their working pressure ranges from a few millimeters above atmospheric pressure. They also have several different technologies, including positive displacement, gas transfer, and gas capture. These pumps transport gas molecules through momentum exchange. Typically, they release gas molecules at roughly the same rate as they entered. When the process is complete, the gas molecules are slightly above atmospheric pressure. The discharge pressure is equal to the lowest pressure achieved, which is the compression ratio.
Vacuum pumps are widely used in all walks of life. They can be found in almost every industrial sector, including food processing. For example, they are used to make sausages and food products. In addition, they are used in landfill and digester compressors. They can also be used to build solar panels.
Oil lubricated vacuum pumps are currently the most energy-efficient vacuum pumps. These pumps are suitable for a variety of industrial applications including freeze drying and process engineering. These pumps use oil as a sealant and coolant, which makes them ideal for a variety of applications. These pumps are also very sensitive to vibration.
Another type of vacuum pump is a turbomolecular pump. These pumps have multiple stages and angled vanes. Unlike mechanical pumps, turbomolecular pumps sweep out larger areas at higher pumping speeds. In addition, they can generate ultra-high oil-free vacuums. Additionally, they have no moving parts, which makes them ideal for high vacuum pressures.

Vacuum Pump Cost

Annual maintenance costs for vacuum pumps range from $242 to $337. The energy consumption of the vacuum pump is also a consideration, as it consumes electricity throughout its operating cycle. For example, an electric motor for a 1 hp pump uses 0.55 kW/hr, which equates to 2,200 kWh of energy per year.
Energy cost is the largest part of the total cost of a vacuum pump. They are usually four to five times higher than the initial purchase price. Therefore, choosing a more energy efficient system can reduce the total cost of ownership and extend the payback period. For many clients, this can be millions of dollars.
A vacuum pump works by compressing gas as it enters a chamber. This pushes the gas molecules towards the exhaust. The exhaust gas is then vented to the atmosphere. A special spring-loaded vane seals the pump’s chamber, creating an airtight seal. Specially formulated oils are also used to lubricate, cool and seal rotors.
Vacuum pumps are not cheap, but they have many advantages over water suction. One of the main advantages of vacuum pumps is their flexibility and reliability. This is an industry-proven solution that has been around for years. However, the initial cost of a vacuum pump is higher than that of a water aspirator.
If the vacuum pump fails unexpectedly, replacement costs can be high. Proper maintenance can extend the life of your system and prevent unplanned downtime. However, no one can predict when a pump will fail, and if a pump does fail, the cost can far exceed the cost of buying a new pump. Therefore, investing in preventive maintenance is a wise investment.
There are many types of vacuum pumps, not all of which are suitable for the same type of application. Make sure to choose a pump with the power required for the job. It should also be able to handle a variety of samples.

editor by czh 2022-11-24